Salary Quartile Bands - Medium SQL Window Functions Interview Problem

Problem

Compensation analysis requires grouping employees into four salary bands. Using the employees table, return name, salary, and a quartile column (1 = lowest, 4 = highest), ordered by salary ascending.

Schema

employees

column	type
id	INTEGER
name	TEXT
department	TEXT
salary	INTEGER

Sample Data

id	name	department	salary
1	Alice	Engineering	120000
2	Bob	Marketing	60000
3	Carol	Engineering	100000
4	Dave	HR	50000
5	Eve	Engineering	140000
6	Frank	Marketing	80000
7	Grace	HR	70000
8	Heidi	Engineering	160000

Expected Output

name	salary	quartile
Dave	50000	1
Bob	60000	1
Grace	70000	2
Frank	80000	2
Carol	100000	3
Alice	120000	3
Eve	140000	4
Heidi	160000	4

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